I am interested in building one too so I have researched them on the net.
The diameter of your outlet pipe must be matched to the flow rate you are pumping in to the surge device. If your outlet pipe is too wide compared to the rate of flow into the device, the siphon will not form properly. Also you have a long horizontal area on your outlet pipe and a more abrupt "U-shaped" pipe might make the siphon form more easily. This might be why your device does not surge. Also make sure there are holes in the top of your container to prevent a suction forming which will prevent flow out of the device.
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