My eyes glazed over after the first couple of sentences with all the formulae & math. I usually skip right to the summary/conclusion of stuff like that. I'm still using an old school counter current wooden air diffuser skimmer that came with my used system when I initially got into the hobby. Did a couple of minor mods to make it work a tad better & easier to adjust, build my own monster wooden air diffusers out of Basswood & Gorilla Glue. The skimmer is very quiet, low power consumption and works fine, pulls some good dry gunk out of the system. Looking at the funky scrapings I take out of it from time to time, I can't imagine running a system without one, even if the article says the best you can get is 35% of the organics. Tried a Remora C HOB with mag 3 pump for a few months and hated that thing. Noisiest piece of gear ever to come near my system and never produced anything other than a mild tea. Unable to get the type of goo as with my old skimmer, so I was real happy to switch back. Both of these skimmers came with used tanks that I purchased, so in a way they didn't cost anything. I ended up giving the Remora away after cracking the inlet tube.
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